Comparison of charcoal and tree-ring records of recent fires in the eastern Klamath Mountains, California, USA
نویسندگان
چکیده
Fire-history reconstructions are based on tree-ring records that span the last few centuries and charcoal data from lake-sediment cores that extend back several thousand years. The two approaches have unique strengths and weaknesses in their ability to depict past fire events and fire regimes, and most comparisons of these datasets in western conifer forests have focused on sites characterized by high-severity crown fires. Tree-ring and charcoal data spanning the last 300 years in four watersheds in the montane forests of the Klamath Mountains provided an opportunity to compare the records in a fire regime of frequent lowto moderate-severity surface events. The charcoal data were obtained from small lakes, and tree-ring records were derived from fire-scar chronologies at multiple sites within each watershed. The comparison indicates that the tree-ring records detected individual fires not evident in the lake-sediment profiles, whereas the charcoal data disclosed variations in fuel loading and general levels of burning at broader spatial scales. Regional burning in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was evident in the lake-sediment records, and both datasets registered a decline in fire activity in the late 20th century. Thus, the two types of data provide complementary as well as supplementary information on past fire conditions. Résumé : Les reconstitutions historiques des feux sont basées sur des séries dendrométriques qui s’étendent sur les derniers quelques siècles et sur les données fournies par le charbon de bois présent dans les carottes de sédiments lacustres qui couvrent plusieurs milliers d’années. Les deux approches ont des forces et des faiblesses particulières dans leur capacité à mettre en évidence les feux et les régimes de feu passés. La plupart des comparaisons de ces ensembles de données dans les forêts de conifères de l’Ouest ont mis l’accent sur des sites caractérisés par des feux de cime de sévérité élevée. Des séries dendrométriques et des données tirées du charbon de bois couvrant les 300 dernières années dans quatre bassins situés dans les forêts alpestres des monts Klamath fournissent une occasion de comparer ces données pour un régime de feu caractérisé par de fréquents feux de surface de sévérité faible à modérée. Les données tirées du charbon de bois ont été obtenues à partir de petits lacs, et les séries dendrométriques ont été dérivées à partir de chronologies de blessures causées par le feu à plusieurs endroits dans chaque bassin. La comparaison indique que les séries dendrométriques ont détecté des feux qui n’étaient pas évidents dans les profils de sédiments lacustres tandis que les données fournies par le charbon de bois ont révélé des variations dans la quantité de combustibles et les niveaux généraux de brûlage à des échelles spatiales plus larges. Des incendies régionaux survenus à la fin du 19e siècle et au début du 20e siècle étaient évidents dans les sédiments lacustres. Les deux groupes de données montrent qu’il y a eu une diminution des feux à la fin du 20e siècle. Par conséquent, les deux types de données fournissent des informations complémentaires et supplémentaires sur les situations passées concernant les feux. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Whitlock et al. 2121
منابع مشابه
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